Life And Work Of Abu Ali Ibn Sina

Life And Work Of Abu Ali Ibn Sina Ibn Sina, Abu Ali (Latin Avicenna) (980-1037), a scholar of encyclopedic, physician and philosopher. He was born near Bukhara in Afshane 16 August 980. The father of Ibn Sina, Bukhara officer, a native of Balkh, while the capital of Greco-Bactrian kingdom, gave his son a systematic education at home, awakened in him at an early age the desire for knowledge. Soon, Abu Ali has surpassed his teacher and started an independent study of physics, metaphysics and medicine, referring to the works of Euclid, Ptolemy and Aristotle. If Euclid and Ptolemys Almagest did not give the young Ibn Sina the great difficulties that the Aristotelian Metaphysics demanded from him a lot of effort. Up to forty times he took a reading, but I could not comprehend the depth of its content has not encountered a book seller in writing of al-Farabi on to metaphysics, the commentary on the works of Aristotle. As a philosopher Ibn Sina belonged to the direction of Falsafah, eastern peripatetizma. Did much to develop the philosophical vocabulary in Arabic and Persian languages. Defending and developing the philosophical system of Aristotle, Ibn Sina gave in his writings, considerable attention logic, the doctrine of causality, the first reason, matter and form of knowledge, categories, principles of organization of thought and knowledge. In the teachings of Ibn Sina are constantly present two approaches to the description of the world: the physical and metaphysical. When he talks as a physicist, it paints a picture of things in terms of movement, space, time and natural determinism, has things in order from simple to complex, from the inanimate to the living and completes the most complex organism, endowed with reason, a man. In this picture, the mind is regarded as closely connected with the body, to matter: Soul arise when there is a corporeal substance, suitable to use it the soul (Book of the soul). This matter the brain, various departments which correspond to different mental processes. Storage is a general feeling of power performance, and it is located in front of the brain. That is why, when this part is damaged, the scope of representation is violated. Store that accepts the idea is a force called memory, and it is located in the back of the brain. The middle part of the brain was created as a place of power of imagination. Considering the different mental states and events: sleep, dreams, power of suggestion, predictions, prophecies, pondering the mysteries and miracles, called Ibn Sina reveal the cause of all this, based on the laws of nature. The concept of a strictly ordered world, the slave laws of determinism, is one of the central points of the philosophy of Avicenna. A number of causal dependence, rising to one another generating reasons for ending the first cause, which, being the active principle (the will), releases its potentiality, which mediated a number of steps, there is a multiple created world. Solving the problem of not only the reality of the world, but its independence from the Creator, Ibn Sina has focused on the topic of the possible and necessary. The basic idea of Arabic peripatetics the idea of the world, opportunities are already contained in the Uniform and therefore sovechnogo Creator. Adhering to the Peripatetic tradition in his doctrine of causality, Ibn Sina gave up hard determinism: the existence of vozmozhnosuschego is not necessary in itself and becomes such a result will change neobhodimosuschego as the first cause, giving rise to the subsequent series and own who were making them necessa ry. First, first principle is the only thing originally to itself. Everything else derives from it, and therefore only possible. But since there is a reason, the possibility, the latter is in turn a necessity and as such a necessary cause of the next generation. Thus, the first reason is just the first jolt, in the future world of things is determined by causal dependence within himself. Another important point is the philosophy of Ibn Sinas doctrine of the soul. Noting the indispensable bond of mind with bodily matter, Ibn Sina, in contrast to Aristotles interest in mind as well as a special, netelesnoy substance that existing in the body, differs from him and dominates him, it is not simply a form that exists in a solid substrate, it does not attach to the body, and (in the terminology peripatetizma) creates the human body as a creator, is the cause of the body. Potential mind through learning, mastery of knowledge is urgent. Reaching the top step, grasping the abstract forms, purchasing power of the active intellect, he is acquired. At this stage of the work of the mind can no longer depend on external impressions, and even the state of the body, thinking about thinking connection with the body, with matter rather a hindrance. Such a mind does not need to own who were studying intelligible he understands them directly, intuitively. In the acquired human mind is l ikened to the potency of the first principles of all things (On the soul). The man a free, sovereign being. His mind is not only the recipients of external impressions, but also a focused subject, projecting the idea. Independence of mind from the body of Ibn Sina argued its indivisibility, as well as the ability to work and even its gain with the weakening of the body, feelings, etc. A good argument in favor of netelesnosti mind is described by Ibn Sina introspective experience, the image of the so-called floating people. If you think that your entity once created with common sense and perfect form, and we assume that parts of it are hidden from view and shall not come into contact, and separated from each other and hang some time in the outdoors, then you will find that it forgets everything except the assertion of individuality , which consists in the mind (hints and instructions). In this experience the person is aware that I am I, even if I do not know that I have an arm, leg or any other authority, I stayed I would have, even if they were not there (On the Soul) . As netelesnoy soul is immortal, as vnutritelesnoy individually, and, moreover, forever (the concept of individual immortality). Accordingly, the mans knowledge of itself (introspection) unremovably individually. On this understanding of Ibn Sina mind and forms of knowledge influenced Sufism and personal experience Tariqah (Sufi way to God). This is reflected in its pure Sufi works: A Treatise on the Haya, son of Yakzana, the Epistle of the Birds, Salman and Absalom, etc.

What is Online Discussion? Essay -- Technology, Communication

Many benefits of online discussion have been recorded in the literature. For example, participation in an asynchronous online discussion is time and place independent (Morse, 2003: Williams etal., 2001). Participants who involved online discussion can contribute whenever they have a useful input and wherever they are as long as they have access to a network based computer. Williams (2002, p. 266) explained the freedom from temporal and geographical constraints international students have â€Å"flexibility in the time, place and pace of communication† with others. In contrast, the traditional face-to-face discussion does not have this flexibility. Online discussion allows students taking time to think about the messages they receive from their peers as well as what they postings. After a long time practice they can send without the pressure as an immediate responder (Biesenbach & Lucas, 2003). Therefore, online discussion is also defined as "a powerful tool for the development of critical thinking, collaboration, and reflection" (Williams et al., 2001, p. 151). Online discussions are deeply engaged and benefits the diverse students compared with traditional classroom discussions (Crevener, 1999, cited in Pinch & Graves, 2000). Students tend to participate more as they are aware that their participation is being monitored and recorded (Tullar et al., 1998). Online discussion within small groups or learning sets also affords a growing sense of community and a feeling among students that they can get to know each other through this medium (Curtin, 2002, cited in Lewin & Jerram, 2003; Hammond, 2000). Another major benefit of online discussion relates to the fact that in the traditional classroom situation, a few students often domi... ...e way it is used by instructors and students and how it is contribute to the course work (Elgort et al., 2003; McKinlay, 1999, cited in Biesenbach-Lucas, 2003; Weasenforth et al., 2002). The length of the discussion, the number of postings required, the size of any one contribution, the role of the instructor, the students' technical preparedness and so on, need to be carefully considered. Otherwise, the discussion may consist of contributions that are not strongly interactive and the students may simply "play the game" of assessment whereby they make postings that earn marks but do not really contribute to the development of the conversation (Oliver & Shaw, 2003, p. 56). Therefore, some authors offer tips for designing and running a good discussion in a networked environment based on their experiences (Hawisher & Pemberton, 1997; Kimball, 1995; Sullivan, 2002).

3 Fators of Doom for Macbeth Essay

In Macbeth there were a few factors that contributed to the degeneration of the Macbeth character. There were three factors that destroyed Macbeth. The main force that was predominately responsible for the downfall of Macbeth was his single flaw. Which was his own ambition. Even though his ambition brought him to his height of power, it was also what led him to his downfall. During the play Macbeth’s ambition brought him to achieve his goals but as the play evolves, it forced him to face his fate. Macbeth had become so obsessed with becoming King, and remaining powerful, that he became a completely different man. See more: Satirical elements in the adventure of Huckleberry Finn essay His ambition led him to become greedy, violent, power hunger, and a murder. An example of his new character occurred when he killed King Duncan. After the first murder, killing seemed to be the only solution to keep his reign over the people of Scotland. It was because of these killings and his overbearing ambition that caused him to be overthrown and kill himself. Another force was the prophecies which were told by the witches. If it had not been for the witches telling Macbeth that he was going to be Thane of Cawdor, Thane of Glanis, and King of Scotland, he would still be is ordinary self. After the witches shared these prophecies with Macbeth he started thinking of ways he could become king. The other influential factor that destroyed Macbeth was his wife Lady Macbeth. In the play Lady Macbeth was going to kill King Duncan, but she just could not do it. Although she then provided a scheme which caused Macbeth to kill King Duncan. After the first murder, Macbeth seemed to come to the solution that killing was the way. Therefore Lady Macbeth was the one who introduced the concept of murder to Macbeth, which was another reason why Macbeth was destroyed.

Hitler and Mussoulini essays

Hitler and Mussoulini essays It can be said that WWII was the darkest chapter in Modern History. The world was a place full of economic depression and social turmoil. We should learn from modern history lest it be repeated. There are certain characteristics about these men that should be examined closely, so the world may not have to suffer under the tyranny of such evil men again. As a youth, Hitler described himself as an argumentative little ring leader who liked to hang out with husky boys. He was an instigator who got other people to do the bullying for him. His interests in art and romanticized German nationalism were obvious from a very young age. He and his father had a bitter feud about his schooling. Hitler despised Capitalism, Socialism, and the Church. His father wanted him to be a civil servant loyal to the Austrian Hapsburg Monarchy; however, this only fueled his obsession of liberating Germany from the raw deal they got in WWI. Similarly, during Benito Mussolinis early years, he was prone to fighting. His father encouraged his belligerent behavior, and he was also disdainful of religious order. His socialist views were passed on to him by his father. He wrote for a socialist paper as a young man, and would speak to anyone regarding politics or religion; he was a staunch defender socialist ideas. He really didnt know much about socialism or economics, yet he drew crowds wherever he spoke. Shortly after a democratic revolution in Germany which ended the ruling monarchy, Hitler became involved in propaganda. Hitler was obsessed with a vision that Germans were destined to rule greater Europe. While employed by a propaganda press, he became involved with a right-wing workers party that had similar views as his. He saw the German Workers Party as a vehicle to launch his political career. His oratory skills soon drew crowds (and cash) which filled the ranks of his party from just a handful of people to thousands. The ide...

Weltering in Gore

Weltering in Gore Weltering in Gore Weltering in Gore By Maeve Maddox The expression â€Å"weltering in gore† has been around at least since 1593 when Christopher Marlowe used it in Edward II: Upon my weapons point here shouldst thou fall, And welter in thy goare I just noticed it in an Amelia Peabody mystery by Elizabeth Peters. In The Curse of the Pharaohs (1981), Amelia is reluctant for her husband to stand guard over a tomb. He asks if she’s afraid she’ll find him in the morning â€Å"weltering in his own gore.† The novel’s setting is the nineteenth century, so the use of the phrase is right on target. It was quite popular with journalists of the 1800s: There lay the criminal, weltering in his gore, on the grass in the yard. newspaper account of the execution of William Cocroft, Salt Lake City, 1861 Alonzo Bee, a son of the farmer hastened to the Doyle residence, where upon entering, the horrible sight of three human beings weltering in their own gore met his gaze. account of a murder, 1883 An 1808 reading textbook. (then in its 9th edition). designed for the use of schools includes this description of a man who survived a murderous attack with the help of his faithful dog. The man was found wounded, scalped, weltering in his own gore, and faint with the loss of blood. The dog was credited with saving its master’s life by licking the wound. Both weltering and gore have a place in this 1922 National Geographic story about a drawing that depicts the dedication of a temple to Huitzilipochtli: To this is attached, on the right, the figure of a priest who has just sacrificed a human victim, the latter pictured as dying on the ground,weltering in his own blood. To the left is the great temple of the War God, the stairway being shown as plentifully besprinkled with the gore of the hecatomb of victims. In current usage weltering in gore isn’t entirely gone. Here’s an example from the movie review of a documentary about an Australian criminal: [Chopper is] alternately shocking and hilarious, as Chopper launches a vicious attack on a fellow inmate and then, as his victim is literally weltering in his gore, takes pity on him and offers him a cigarette. DVD Times. Too bad the writer thought it necessary to insert the â€Å"literally.† Whether classed as a clichà © or not, the phrase is wonderfully expressive on its own. The word gore has several meanings. As a noun gore can mean â€Å"clotted blood,† as in the weltering expression. It can also mean â€Å"a triangular piece of ground.† The surname Gore comes from this land sense. And gore can mean a â€Å"triangular piece of cloth† used in sewing to make a â€Å"gored skirt† or to enlarge an article of clothing. As a verb gore means â€Å"to pierce or stab.† It is usually used to describe the action of a horned animal. Ex. The toreador was gored by the bull. Both the verb and the noun with triangular connotations derive from an OE word for spear: gar. The point of the Anglo-Saxon gar was triangular in shape. The origin of the noun in the sense of â€Å"clotted blood† is OE gor, â€Å"dirt, dung, shit.† The sense â€Å"clotted blood† had developed by the1560s. Like gore, welter has more than one meaning, both as noun and verb. As a verb, welter means â€Å"to roll or twist the body.† It can also be used to describe the rolling, writhing motion of inanimate objects. Ex. The ship weltered in the waves. As a noun, welter can mean â€Å"a confused mass.† Ex. a welter of contradictions, a welter of fans, a welter of evidence, a welter of misunderstandings. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Arrive To vs. Arrive At30 Baseball Idioms50 Synonyms for "Song"

Childhood vaccinations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Childhood vaccinations - Essay Example Describing her helplessness, another polio sufferer writes, â€Å"I found it very frustrating to have an active mind in a permanently disabled body† (Gillan 1). Many individuals suffer from completely preventable diseases that could have been avoided if they were vaccinated in childhood. The very fact that a disease as preventable as polio was allowed to ruin so many lives makes it unbearable. Despite the awareness on immunizations and vaccinations, the multi-million dollar investments made by governments on vaccinations, the free camps and vaccination drives organized every day, there are many who fail to get their children immunized or are too scared to do so. Failure to get children immunized puts them at risk of innumerable life-threatening or permanently disabling diseases that would otherwise have been completely preventable. It is argued here that children should get immunized and that the recommended dosage of vaccinations is the right of every child, as much as is his right to living. The World Health Organization (WHO) has a Millennium Development Goal 4 for reducing child (under five years of age) mortality by up to two thirds by the year 2015 (â€Å"10 facts on immunization† who.int). According to reports millions of children die every year from diseases that could have been prevented through immunization. Vaccination is also a key strategy for the prevention of emergence of pandemic infections. The WHO reports that vaccination results in the prevention of about 2-3 million deaths all over the world each year (â€Å"10 facts on immunization† who.int). Deaths in all age groups from pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus, measles and polio have been prevented through vaccination, which is â€Å"one of the most successful and cost-effective public health interventions† (â€Å"10 facts on immunization† who.int). However, many individuals fail to get their children immunized,

BUS599 MoD 1 Case Assign Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

BUS599 MoD 1 Case Assign - Essay Example Whole Foods Market tangible resources are categorized into the three dimensions: organizational resources, the financial resources, physical resources, and technological resources. Its core values include selling of the highest organic and natural products, satisfaction of the customers, support of the team member excellence and happiness, caring about the environment and our communities, and creation of wealth through growth and profits. Through the core values, the company has developed aids through core competencies, which give them a competitive advantage among its competitors. Whole Food Market’s strategy goals is based on supply and demand and placement. The company is actively determined to meet supply and demand by investing a great amount of resources into political reform in regard to organic farming, carrying out R&D to provide high quality products & services, & engagement in outsourcing to ensure efficient production of its products and services (Harasta and Hoffman, 2007). On the side, placement acts as a guidance for setting strategic goals such as; development of the supportive nutritional, investment in the sales and financial research, etc. (wholefoodsmarket.com, n.d.: 2011) Based on the financial reports from the fiscal years, 2005 to date, the profit margin for Whole Food Market has been generally decreasing (United Natural Foods, 2011; UNFI, 2011). The decrease has been largely attributed to the rising costs of goods and increased debts. In addition, compared to its competitors, Whole Foods Market has recorded low EPS and extremely low revenues (McLindon, et al., 2012). According to Yahoo Financials, Whole Foods Market capitalization has increased. The marketing of Whole Foods Market is not that effective as compared to its competitors hence necessitating the need for R&D to help it maintain a steady and upward market capitalization, which is essential in